ABSTRACT
Note: 99.0 wt % 1-hexene contains the following components: 1,1-dichloroethylene (≤ 1 wt %), cis-and trans-2-hexene (≤ 0.3 wt %), paraffins (≤ 0.3 wt %), benzene (≤ 0.2 ppm by wt), peroxides (≤ 1.0 ppm by wt), and carbonyls (≤ 1.0 ppm by wt) (Chevron Phillips Company, 2005). CASRN: 592-41-6; DOT: 2370; molecular formula: C6H12; FW: 84.16; RTECS: MP6600100 Physical state, color, and odor: Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic, sweetish odor similar to hexane or 1-pentene. An odor threshold concentration of 140 ppbv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990). Melting point (°C): -139.8 (Weast, 1986) Boiling point (°C): 63.50 (Wisniak and Gabai, 1996) Density (g/cm3): 0.0.6826 at 10 °C (quoted, Chevron Phillips Company, 2005) 0.67317 at 20 °C (Dreisbach, 1959) 0.6685 at 25.00 °C (Diaz et al., 2002) Diffusivity in water (x 10-5 cm2/sec): 0.77 at 20 °C using method of Hayduk and Laudie (1974) Dissociation constant, pKa: >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) Flash point (°C): -15 (Chevron Phillips Company, 2005) -26.1 (open cup, Hawley, 1981) Lower explosive limit (%): 2 (Chevron Phillips Company, 2005) Upper explosive limit (%): 7 (Chevron Phillips Company, 2005) Heat of fusion (kcal/mol): 2.2341 (quoted, Riddick et al., 1986) Henry’s law constant (atm⋅m3/mol): 0.435 at 25 °C (Hine and Mookerjee, 1975) Interfacial tension with water (dyn/cm): 44.41 at 25 °C (Nakahara et al., 1990)
9.45 ± 0.02 (Franklin et al., 1969) Soil organic carbon/water partition coefficient, log Koc: Unavailable because experimental methods for estimation of this parameter for alkenes are lacking in the documented literature Octanol/water partition coefficient, log Kow: 2.25 (Coates et al., 1985) 2.70 (Hansch and Leo, 1979) 3.40 at 25.0 °C (generator column-RPLC, Schantz and Martire, 1987) 3.47 (generator column-HPLC/GC, Wasik et al., 1981) Solubility in organics: Soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, petroleum (Weast, 1986), and many other hydrocarbons including alkenes amd alkanes. Solubility in water: 49 mg/L at 23 °C (Coates et al., 1985) 50 mg/kg at 25 °C (shake flask-GC, McAuliffe, 1966) 778, 643, and 501 µM in 1 mM nitric acid at 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively (shake flask-titration,
Natarajan and Venkatachalam, 1972) 82.8 mM at 25.0 °C (generator column-HPLC/GC, Wasik et al., 1981) 55.4 mg/L at 25 °C (shake flask-GC, Leinonen and Mackay, 1973) Vapor density: 3.44 g/L at 25 °C, 2.91 (air = 1) Vapor pressure (mmHg): 176 at 23.7 °C (Forziati et al., 1950) 186.0 at 25 °C (Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1971) Environmental fate: Biological. Biooxidation of 1-hexene may occur yielding 5-hexen-1-ol, which may oxidize to give 5-hexenoic acid (Dugan, 1972). Washed cell suspensions of bacteria belonging to the genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Xanthobacter, and Pseudomonas and growing on selected alkenes metabolized 1-hexene to 1,2-epoxyhexane (Van Ginkel et al., 1987). Photolytic. The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-hexene and OH radicals in the atmosphere: 1.9 x 10-12 cm3/molecule⋅sec at 300 K (Hendry and Kenley, 1979); 3.75 x 10-11 cm3/molecule⋅sec at 295 K (Atkinson and Carter, 1984); 3.18 x 10-11 cm3/molecule⋅sec (Atkinson, 1990). The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-hexene and ozone in the atmosphere: 1.10 x 10-17 cm3/molecule⋅sec (Bufalini and Altshuller, 1985); 9.0 x 10-17 cm3/molecule⋅sec (Cadle and Schadt, 1952); 1.40 x 10-17 cm3/molecule⋅sec (Cox and Penkett, 1972); 1.08 x 10-17 cm3/molecule⋅sec at 294 K (Adeniji et al., 1981). Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water. 1-Hexene is not expected to hydroxyze in water. Exposure limits: ACGIH TLV: TWA 30 ppm (adopted). Source: California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained 1-hexene at a concentration of 770 mg/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without
According to Chevron Phillips Company’s (2005) product literature, the maximum concentration present in 99.7% tert-butyl mercaptan is 0.05 wt %. Uses: Synthesis of perfumes, flavors, dyes, and resins; polymer modifier; organic synthesis, laboratory solvent.
