ABSTRACT
CH3H3C CASRN: 111-84-2; DOT: 1920; molecular formula: C9H20; FW: 128.26 RTECS: RA6115000 Physical state, color, and odor: Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a gasoline-like odor. An odor threshold concentration of 2.2 ppmv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990). Melting point (°C): -53.7 (Stull, 1947) Boiling point (°C): 150.65 (Desty and Fidler, 1951) Density (g/cm3): 0.72178 at 15.00 °C, 0.71404 at 25.00 °C, 0.70618 at 35.00 °C (Calvo et al., 1998) 0.71763 at 20 °C (Dreisbach, 1959) 0.7141 at 25.00 °C (Nayak et al., 2001) 0.7141 at 25.00 °C, 0.7101 at 30.00 °C, 0.7062 at 35.00 °C (Aminabhavi and Patil, 1997) Diffusivity in water (x 10-5 cm2/sec): 0.63 at 20 °C using method of Hayduk and Laudie (1974) Dissociation constant, pKa: >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) Flash point (°C): 31.4 (NIOSH, 1997) 33 (Affens and McLaren, 1972) Lower explosive limit (%): 0.8 (NIOSH, 1997) Upper explosive limit (%): 2.9 (NIOSH, 1997) Heat of fusion (kcal/mol): 3.697 (quoted, Riddick et al., 1986) Henry’s law constant (atm⋅m3/mol): 0.400, 0.496, 0.332, 0.414, and 0.465 at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively (EPICS, Ashworth
et al., 1988). 2.32 at 25 °C (Jönsson et al., 1982) Interfacial tension with water (dyn/cm): 51.96 at 20 °C (Fowkes, 1980) 52.4 at 22 °C (Goebel and Lunkenheimer, 1997)
52.69 at 10.0 °C, 52.37 at 15.0 °C, 52.06 at 20.0 °C, 51.63 at 27.5 °C, 51.48 at 25.0 °C, 51.21 at
30.0 °C, 50.95 at 32.5 °C, 50.68 at 35.0 °C, 50.54 at 37.5 °C, 50.27 at 40.0 °C, 49.87 at 45.0 °C, 49.36 at 50.0 °C, 49.09 at 55.0 °C, 48.82 at 60.0 °C (Zeppieri et al., 2001)
Ionization potential (eV): 9.71 (Lias, 1998) Soil organic carbon/water partition coefficient, log Koc: Unavailable because experimental methods for estimation of this parameter for aliphatic hydrocarbons are lacking in the documented literature Octanol/water partition coefficient, log Kow: 4.67 using method of Hansch et al. (1968) Solubility in organics: In methanol, g/L: 84 at 5 °C, 95 at 10 °C, 105 at 15 °C, 116 at 20 °C, 129 at 25 °C, 142 at 30 °C, 155 at 35 °C, 170 at 40 °C (Kiser et al., 1961). Miscible with many aliphatic hydrocarbons. Solubility in water: In mg/kg: 0.122 at 25 °C, 0.309 at 69.7 °C, 0.420 at 99.1 °C, 1.70 at 121.3 °C, 5.07 at 136.6 °C
(shake flask-GLC, Price, 1976) 220 µg/kg at 25 °C (McAuliffe, 1969) 1 x 10-8 at 25 °C (mole fraction, shake flask-GC, Krasnoshchekova and Gubergrits, 1973) 272 mg/L at 25 °C (Jönsson et al., 1982) 171 µg/L at 25 °C (shake flask-GC, Tolls et al., 2002) Vapor density: 5.24 g/L at 25 °C, 4.43 (air = 1) Vapor pressure (mmHg): 3.22 at 20 °C (quoted, Verschueren, 1983) 4.35 at 25 °C (Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1971) Environmental fate: Biological. Nonane may biodegrade in two ways. This first is the formation of nonyl hydroperoxide, which decomposes to 1-nonanol followed by oxidation to nonanoic acid. The other pathway involves dehydrogenation to 1-nonene, which may react with water giving 1-nonanol (Dugan, 1972). Microorganisms can oxidize alkanes under aerobic conditions. The most common degradative pathway involves the oxidation of the terminal methyl group forming 1-nonanol. The alcohol may undergo a series of dehydrogenation steps forming nonanal then a fatty acid (nonanoic acid). The fatty acid may then be metabolized by β-oxidation to form the mineralization products, carbon dioxide, and water (Singer and Finnerty, 1984). Photolytic. Atkinson reported a photooxidation rate constant of 1.02 x 10-11 cm3/molecule⋅sec for the reaction of nonane and OH radicals in the atmosphere. Photooxidation reaction rate constants of 1.0 x 10-11 and 2.30 x 10-16 cm3/molecule⋅sec were reported for the reaction of nonane with OH and NO3, respectively (Sabljić and Güsten, 1990). Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water. Exposure limits: NIOSH REL: TWA 200 ppm (1,050 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 200 ppm (adopted).
