ABSTRACT
I. INTRODUCTION The non-subcutaneous routes for immunotherapy have been variously named "alternative," "non-parenteral," "non-injection," and "local," but presently the most appropriate terms are "local" and ·'non-injection." The word "alternative" has been abandoned. The non-injection routes include
1. Oral (OIT): The allergen vaccine, prepared as drops, capsules or tablets, is immediately swallowed with water.
