ABSTRACT
Celiac sprue ........................................................................................................................................................................... 1024 De nition and Epidemiology ........................................................................................................................................... 1024 Mechanisms...................................................................................................................................................................... 1025 Effects on Nutritional Status ............................................................................................................................................ 1026 Diet in CS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 1027
The Gluten-Free Diet................................................................................................................................................... 1027 Is There a Safe Amount of Gluten that CS Patients May Consume? ............................................................................... 1028 Can CS Patients Eat Oats or Other Less Structurally Related Grains? ............................................................................ 1029 Should CS Patients Also Avoid Lactose? ......................................................................................................................... 1029 Does Breast-Feeding Prevent Occurrence of CS? ............................................................................................................ 1029
In ammatory bowel disease .................................................................................................................................................. 1029 De nition and Epidemiology ........................................................................................................................................... 1029 Mechanisms...................................................................................................................................................................... 1029 Effects on Nutritional Status ............................................................................................................................................ 1030 Diet in IBD ....................................................................................................................................................................... 1032
Diet as a Potential Cause of IBD ................................................................................................................................. 1032 Dietary Treatment for IBD ............................................................................................................................................... 1032
Energy and Protein Requirements in IBD ................................................................................................................... 1032 Enteral Nutrition and IBD ................................................................................................................................................ 1035
Primary Therapy .......................................................................................................................................................... 1035 Parenteral Nutrition and IBD ........................................................................................................................................... 1035
Preoperative ................................................................................................................................................................. 1035 Primary Therapy .......................................................................................................................................................... 1035 Micronutrients ............................................................................................................................................................. 1035 Speci c Situations ....................................................................................................................................................... 1036
Short Bowel Syndrome ......................................................................................................................................................... 1036 De nition and Epidemiology ........................................................................................................................................... 1036 Pathophysiology and Types of SBS ................................................................................................................................. 1037 Diet in SBS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 1038
Postoperative Phase ..................................................................................................................................................... 1038 Transition Phase and Adaptation Phase ....................................................................................................................... 1039 Dietary Requirements and the Composition of the Diet in SBS ................................................................................. 1040
Common Problems and Complications in SBS ............................................................................................................... 1040 Hypomagnesaemia ...................................................................................................................................................... 1040 Renal Stones ................................................................................................................................................................ 1041 Gallstones .................................................................................................................................................................... 1041 Social Problems ........................................................................................................................................................... 1041 d-Lactic Acidosis ......................................................................................................................................................... 1041
Acute Infectious Diarrhea ..................................................................................................................................................... 1041 Clostridium diffi cile Colitis and Probiotics .......................................................................................................................... 1041
Basic principles of nutrition in diseases of the small and large intestines are covered in this chapter. Often, the disease processes are complex and result in challenges frequently requiring nutritional treatment to be individualized. Thus, consultation with a nutrition specialist is usually necessary and highly recommended.
