ABSTRACT
Their usage spans over several application domains including banking, telecommunications, and identity. An example of smart card is given by the SIM module, used in any GSM phone, that implements a special application, which is defined by the GSM standard, to protect the data in the card and to allow access control to the GSM networks. However, it is possible for a GSM subscriber to have more than one SIM in the same mobile terminal (for different network providers) or to use the same SIM in different equipments. Thus, smart cards are trusted personal devices designed to store and process confidential data, and to act as secure tokens for providing access to applications and services.
