ABSTRACT
In Chapter 2, elements of a general energy analysis for chemical reactions were developed. For any particular hydrocarbon fuel-air mixture the ideal complete combustion process only produced CO2 and H2O as products of reaction. In such instances, the reactant and product relationships were determined via the stoichiometric equation. The inability to achieve complete combustion in practice is due directly to the irreversible nature of actual high-temperature chemical reactions as well as influences and interactions within operational combustion machinery, i.e., the fuel-engine interface. Incomplete combustion products, or pollutants, are generated by internal and external combustion systems such as engines, jet aircraft, fossil-fueled stationary power plants, thermal destruction systems, as well as residential space heating systems.
