ABSTRACT
Science is knowledge we use to understand nature. People are always inspired by nature, and have tried to understand and utilize the laws of nature through scientific approaches. In the 20th century, technological innovation progressed at an accelerated pace and permeates almost every facet of our daily lives. The acceleration of both science and technology has led to remarkable advances, and this is especially true in the area of medicine. For example, surgery was used rarely as a therapeutic measure until the 19th century. A huge number of new therapeutic methodologies have been developed, and improvement and enhancement of the human body by artificial materials is one of the most successful innovations in the last century. These successes are largely due to fundamental scientific research into the interactions of artificial materials and living organisms. Technological effort has revolutionized our health care systems, surgery plays a prominent role in curing diseases, and further scientific exploration into these fields continues to bring about unique advances in medical treatment.
