ABSTRACT
Water relations of plants is a large and diverse subject. Complete loss of hydraulic conductance usually causes plant death, but there is a lot of species diversity in the water potentials causing loss of hydraulic conductance. Most studies have focused on the hydraulic architecture of large woody tropical plants, for example, trees, shrubs, and vines. The primary factor affecting the pattern of water extraction by plants from soils is the rooting depth. Rooting depths can be extremely variable depending on soil conditions and species of plant producing the roots. Water movement can occur at night or during rain when pressure of water is positive in some plants due to root pressure, that is, osmotically driven flow from roots. Plants always have some embolized conduits to seed embolism into adjacent conduits. Wilting denotes the limp, flaccid, or drooping state of plants during drought.
