ABSTRACT
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 The Roots of State Guardianship of Indians in Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 The System Regulating Bioethics in Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Health and the Regulation of Ethics in Research among
Indigenous Peoples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Research Ethics in Brazil and the Direction of Research in
Biological Anthropology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Questions concerning the ethics of bioanthropological research among indigenous peoples have recently attracted a great deal of public attention. These questions have arisen both for events taking place in specific ethnographic and geographic contexts, such as those that led to the controversy surrounding Patrick Tierney’s book
Darkness in Eldorado
, and those taking place on a global scale, like the much debated Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP), which was originally intended to involve the collection of biological samples from hundreds of populations to capture genetic diversity across the world.* As the contributions to this volume make very clear, ethical concerns, which have generally been discussed as they pertain to research interests, now stand independently as favored themes for debates — debates promoting many different methodological and theoretical viewpoints and covering investigations of past peoples as well as those of the present.
