ABSTRACT
This chapter summarizes findings from epidemiologic studies that address workplace and individual
factors associated with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. These disorders are not new: epi-
demics and clinical case series of work-related upper extremity problems were reported throughout
the 1800s and early 1900s (Conn, 1931; Thompson, 1951). Although there are almost no prospective
studies in this area, within the last 20 years a number of well-designed, cross-sectional studies have
focused on disorders of the hand, wrist, and elbow as related to work. These studies point to the multi-
factorial nature of work-related upper extremity disorders. The severity of these disorders is influenced
not only by biomechanical factors, but also by other work organizational factors, the worker’s perception
of the work environment, and medical management.
