ABSTRACT
In aquatic ecology, the concept of fractals has been successfully applied to the structure of coral reefs (Bradbury et al. 1984), the structure of marine snow (Li et al. 1998), structural complexity in mussel beds (Snover and Commito 1998; Commito and Rusignuolo 2000; Kostylev and Erlandson 2001), the spatial distribution of intertidal benthic communities (Azovsky et al. 2000), the behavior of marine (Erlandson and Kostylev 1995; Seuront et al. 2004b) and freshwater (Seuront et al. 2004a; Uttieri et al. 2007) invertebrates, the behavior of marine vertebrates (Dowling et al. 2000; Mouillot and Viale 2001), species diversity (Frontier 1987), and zooplankton (Tsuda 1995) and phytoplankton (Seuront and Lagadeuc 1997, 1998; Waters and Mitchell 2002) patchiness.
