ABSTRACT
Any activity undertaken involves time and resources, and has an intended outcome. An activity could
be construction of a physical infrastructure such as, a highway, a bridge, a building, other forms of
infrastructure; and major and minor maintenance works related to such physical infrastructure. In order
to achieve the desired outcome it is essential that the entire activity is undertaken in a professional
manner and that it is completed within the allocated time and budget. It is also essential that the entire
process and the outcome have minimal social and environmental impact, and the stakeholders impacted
by it are consult.
