ABSTRACT
In Section 2.6, the anthrosphere was de ned as that part of the environment made or modi ed by humans and used for their activities, in a sense, the Earth as made by humans. The anthrosphere has become an integral part of Earth’s environment strongly in uenced by and, in turn, strongly in uencing the other four environmental spheres — the geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Therefore, the remaining chapters in this book discuss the anthrosphere including what constitutes it, what its function is, and the effects that it has. This requires consideration of the technological, engineering, and industrial aspects of human activities carried out in the anthrosphere. It is essential to recognize that humans will use technology to provide the food, shelter, and goods that they need for their well-being and survival. The challenge is to interweave technology with considerations of the environment and ecology such that the two are mutually advantageous.
