ABSTRACT
The Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) has developed a rigorously tested process for establishing criteria and indicators (C&I) of sustainable forest management. This chapter examines some demonstrated and potential roles of social C&I in adaptive comanagement of protected areas. It considers an examination of the social C&I CIFOR has developed within the context of industrial timber exploitation, as “templates” or “base sets” for possible use in conservation areas. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources has been involved in a number of efforts to improve monitoring and evaluation relating to human well-being. B. Jackson, who reports some of the tools and methods that have been used in southern Africa to evaluate collaborative management of natural resources, emphasizes participation issues. In areas bordering protected areas, threats to human safety and security from wild animals may be a serious health problem relating to forest management.
