ABSTRACT
This chapter provides research information on several supplements commonly used by strength-trained athletes. The majority of products targeted for strength-trained athletes contain amino acids, the building blocks of protein, and claim to promote weight gain and/or muscular growth. Much of the research on glutamine has focused on the relationship between glutamine and stress hormones related to catabolism. Researchers have attempted to evaluate whether or not there would be synergistic effects of amino acid combinations. Gamma oryzanol, a plant sterol, has been marketed to strength-trained athletes as an alternative to anabolic steroids. Yohimbine, a substance extracted from the bark of the yohimbe tree, increases sympathetic nerve activity in humans and animals. Ephedrine is a potent sympathomimetic agent that simulates epinephrine effects. Researchers have published numerous studies related to the ergogenic effects of caffeine. Very little research exists examining caffeine use in strength-trained athletes, making effective dose guidelines difficult to provide.
