ABSTRACT
A coordinate system is a location reference system for spatial features on the Earth’s surface. Because a geographic information system (GIS) works with geospatial data, the coordinate system plays a key role in a GIS project. There are two types of coordinate systems: geographic and projected. A geographic coordinate system consists of lines of longitude and latitude. A projected coordinate system is a plane coordinate system based on a map projection. For example, the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system is based on the transverse Mercator projection.
