ABSTRACT

Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on Earth with an estimated annual production of ~7.5 × 1010 tonnes through photosynthesis. [1, 2], It is also the most common form of carbon in plant biomass, defined as any plant-derived organic material excluding material embedded in geological formation and/or fossilized. Biomass is a renewable resource. Plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates that are stored as chemical energy, through a process called photosynthesis. The composition of biomass depends upon the plant species:

Some plants, such as sugar cane and sugar beet, store the chemical energy as simple sugars (mono-and disaccharides). They are mostly used for food.