ABSTRACT
The recent development of digital camera with its extremely dense pixel and that of PC with its high speed and enormous memory capacity has enabled us now to process the super-voluminous data involved in point clouds and photo data for 3D (three-dimensional) works, computer graphics, or virtual reality (VR) with very high speed and effi ciency. And its applied technology is rapidly expanding not only in mapmaking but also in such new areas as archiving and preserving valuable cultural heritages, transportation accident investigation, civil engineering, architecture construction, industrial measurement, human body measurement, and even to such areas as entertainment animation. It is opening new vistas everyday, as it is integrated with devices like global positioning system (GPS), total station, gyro-sensor, accelerometer, laser scanner, and video image [1].
