ABSTRACT
In this chapter, fundamental concepts foundational to more complex material presented in subsequent chapters of the text are discussed. Note that the fundamental concepts presented herein are just that: the basics. Complex mathematics and science concepts are beyond the scope of this text and are therefore avoided where possible to make for easier understanding and a smoother read. The intention of this text is to provide the student as well as the average person with a clear presentation of what the science of pollution is all about and what we can do to mitigate the detrimental results of environmental contamination. The rst area discussed covers the basics involved with
the circulation of matter through the ecosystem-the biogeochemical cycles. Because biogeochemical cycles (and most other processes on Earth) are driven by energy from the sun, we next present energy and energy transfer. The nal section deals with units and measurement commonly used in the science of environmental pollution.
