ABSTRACT
Schizophrenia (SCZ) (MIM 181500) and bipolar disorder (BD) (MIM 125480) are etiologically related psychiatric disorders, collectively termed “major psychosis,” a disorder that affects approximately 2% of the population (Craddock et al. 2006; Mill et al. 2008). SCZ is primarily characterized by abnormal perceptions of reality, social apathy, disorganized thought, delusions, or hallucinations and is usually accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances. BD, also known as manic depressive disorder or bipolar affective disorder, is an illness that characteristically involves alternating periods of elevated mood, called manic episodes, and depression. SCZ is often classiˆed as a “thought”
12.1 Epigenetics and Complex Disorders .............................................................288 12.1.1 Epigenetic Mechanisms .................................................................... 289 12.1.2 DNA Methylation .............................................................................290
12.2 Epigenetic Alteration in Major Psychosis ..................................................... 291 12.3 Nutritional Deˆciency and One-Carbon Metabolism .................................. 295
