1

Agroecosystems.............................................................. 10 1.6 Adapting to Thermal Damage...................................... 10 1.7 Mitigation....................................................................... 12

1.7.1 High Carbon Sequestration Potential of Tropical Agroecosystems .................................... 12

1.7.2 Carbon Sequestration by Smallholder Farming Communities ....................................... 15

1.8 Conclusion...................................................................... 16 Acknowledgment .................................................................... 16 References............................................................................... 16

Most of the world has witnessed dramatic increases in per capita food production over the last 30 years. However, the opposite occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa. Per capita food production in this region continues to decline, and hunger, largely due to insufficient food production, affects about 200 million people, 34% of the region’s population (Table 1.1). Projections to 2015 suggest that hunger in Asia and Latin America is likely to decline with continued economic growth, while in Africa it is likely to remain constant (Dixon et al., 2001). The difference is that enough food is produced in countries like India and China. Hunger in these nations is primarily caused by unemployment and a corresponding lack of income-generating capacity. Africa simply does not produce enough food. The lack of a major impact of the Green Revolution in this region is one key reason for this difference.