ABSTRACT
A vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is an abnormal channel between the urinary bladder and the
vagina that results in urinary leakage. Most of these fistulas occur in otherwise healthy
women who undergo elective gynecologic surgery for benign disease, and as a result of the
fistula, are completely incontinent of urine. This incontinence can have physical implications
such as skin breakdown and infection as well as psychological sequelae such as depression
and avoidance of social situations as the woman with a VVF is constantly wetting pads and is
at risk of leaking onto her clothing and smelling from urine.
