ABSTRACT
Over the past decade, the biosensor research field has experienced profound growth in many respects. The introduction of various biorecognition schemes and technological advancements has greatly improved the detection and identification capability
of many of these biosensors. All these efforts are designed to enhance the sensitivity and specificity in detecting chemical and biological species. Many of these biosensors have found applications in medical diagnostics, intracellular measurements, and environmental and food technologies.
