ABSTRACT
The recent success of clinical islet transplantation resulting from the Edmonton Protocol has led to a considerable expansion of islet transplant centers worldwide (1). Indeed, in 2005, islet transplants were performed in 76 centers around theworld, comparedwith a total of 46 centers during thewhole of the 1990s (2). However, looking back over the last five years a number of important lessons can be learned. This chapter aims to highlight some of the challenges that currently exist in setting up a new islet transplant program and to discuss ways in which these challenges might be overcome in the future.
