bottom half of the process vessel, processing less than a full-size batch is possible. Equally important is the capability of beginning to disperse or emulsify with only a small portion of the final batch. If one desires to disperse the major phase of an emulsion into the minor phase, the mixer must be at the bottom of the kettle. The presence of the high-shear mixer at the bottom of the vessel makes it possible to draw liquids di-rectly into the mixing head when they are pumped into the bottom outlet. The ability to draw one phase of an emulsion directly into another is always valuable in terms of

doi:10.1201/9781420000955-48

Chapter

bottom half of the process vessel, processing less than a full-size batch is possible. Equally important is the capability of beginning to disperse or emulsify with only a small portion of the final batch. If one desires to disperse the major phase of an emulsion into the minor phase, the mixer must be at the bottom of the kettle. The presence of the high-shear mixer at the bottom of the vessel makes it possible to draw liquids di-rectly into the mixing head when they are pumped into the bottom outlet. The ability to draw one phase of an emulsion directly into another is always valuable in terms of

Chapter

bottom half of the process vessel, processing less than a full-size batch is possible. Equally important is the capability of beginning to disperse or emulsify with only a small portion of the final batch. If one desires to disperse the major phase of an emulsion into the minor phase, the mixer must be at the bottom of the kettle. The presence of the high-shear mixer at the bottom of the vessel makes it possible to draw liquids di-rectly into the mixing head when they are pumped into the bottom outlet. The ability to draw one phase of an emulsion directly into another is always valuable in terms of

ABSTRACT

Direct and immediate dispersion of powders can be used in triple action-mixers built for vacuum operation. Powders can be drawn directly into the eye of the highshear mixer by opening the bottom valve. Powders can be drawn by vacuum through a pipe or flexible hose. This technique provides process-mixing time savings, since there is essentially no time required for shearing out powder agglomerations or lumps. If the process uses large quantities of powder, such as toothpaste, or if the powders have a propensity to lump, this method of addition can be a worthwhile feature.