Breadcrumbs Section. Click here to navigate to respective pages.
Chapter
![Ultrasonic homogenizing systems are able to produce particle-size and droplet-size distributions that approach those of piston homogenizers with a lower power re-quirement. In order to work, they must be fed a well-blended premix or a metered feed of the liquid components. The vibrating element is an extra maintenance item, espe-cially in heavy or abrasive service. Overall, they offer an attractive option when fixed-gap rotor/stator devices do not produce the required size distributions. 5. Homogenizer/Extruder Another high-pressure homogenizer/extruder with an adjustable valve having produc-tion capacities from 8 mL/hr to 12,000 LL/hr is available. A positive displacement pump produces pressures up to 30,000 psig. The manufacturer claims that no O-ring is used in the product pass and pump seal, and this homogenizer/extruder was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for pharmaceutical use [36]. At this writing, in-formation concerning the internal structure is not available. The apparatus is capable of producing fine emulsions and liposomal dispersions. Figure 36 shows a laboratory unit. 6. Microfluidizer Technologies A more recent invention to find wide use in specialized forms of dispersed system dosage forms is the microfluidizer. This device uses a high-pressure positive-displacement pump operating at a pressure of 500-20,000 psig, which accelerates the process flow to up to 500 m/min through the interaction chamber. The interaction chamber consists of small channels known as microchannels. The microchannel diameters can be as narrow as 50 urn and cause the flow of product to occur as very thin sheets. The configuration of these microchannels within the interaction chamber resembles Y-shaped flow streams in which the process stream divides into these microchannels, creating two separate microstreams. The sum of cross-sectional areas of these two microstreams is less than the cross-sectional area of the pipe before division to two separate streams. This nar-rowing of the flow pass creates an (axisymmetric) elongational flow to generate high Fig. 36 Emulsiflex-C5, a high-pressure homogenizer. (From Ref. 36.)](https://images.tandf.co.uk/common/jackets/crclarge/978042913/9780429135606.jpg "Ultrasonic homogenizing systems are able to produce particle-size and droplet-size distributions that approach those of piston homogenizers with a lower power re-quirement. In order to work, they must be fed a well-blended premix or a metered feed of the liquid components. The vibrating element is an extra maintenance item, espe-cially in heavy or abrasive service. Overall, they offer an attractive option when fixed-gap rotor/stator devices do not produce the required size distributions. 5. Homogenizer/Extruder Another high-pressure homogenizer/extruder with an adjustable valve having produc-tion capacities from 8 mL/hr to 12,000 LL/hr is available. A positive displacement pump produces pressures up to 30,000 psig. The manufacturer claims that no O-ring is used in the product pass and pump seal, and this homogenizer/extruder was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for pharmaceutical use [36]. At this writing, in-formation concerning the internal structure is not available. The apparatus is capable of producing fine emulsions and liposomal dispersions. Figure 36 shows a laboratory unit. 6. Microfluidizer Technologies A more recent invention to find wide use in specialized forms of dispersed system dosage forms is the microfluidizer. This device uses a high-pressure positive-displacement pump operating at a pressure of 500-20,000 psig, which accelerates the process flow to up to 500 m/min through the interaction chamber. The interaction chamber consists of small channels known as microchannels. The microchannel diameters can be as narrow as 50 urn and cause the flow of product to occur as very thin sheets. The configuration of these microchannels within the interaction chamber resembles Y-shaped flow streams in which the process stream divides into these microchannels, creating two separate microstreams. The sum of cross-sectional areas of these two microstreams is less than the cross-sectional area of the pipe before division to two separate streams. This nar-rowing of the flow pass creates an (axisymmetric) elongational flow to generate high Fig. 36 Emulsiflex-C5, a high-pressure homogenizer. (From Ref. 36.)")
Chapter
Ultrasonic homogenizing systems are able to produce particle-size and droplet-size distributions that approach those of piston homogenizers with a lower power re-quirement. In order to work, they must be fed a well-blended premix or a metered feed of the liquid components. The vibrating element is an extra maintenance item, espe-cially in heavy or abrasive service. Overall, they offer an attractive option when fixed-gap rotor/stator devices do not produce the required size distributions. 5. Homogenizer/Extruder Another high-pressure homogenizer/extruder with an adjustable valve having produc-tion capacities from 8 mL/hr to 12,000 LL/hr is available. A positive displacement pump produces pressures up to 30,000 psig. The manufacturer claims that no O-ring is used in the product pass and pump seal, and this homogenizer/extruder was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for pharmaceutical use [36]. At this writing, in-formation concerning the internal structure is not available. The apparatus is capable of producing fine emulsions and liposomal dispersions. Figure 36 shows a laboratory unit. 6. Microfluidizer Technologies A more recent invention to find wide use in specialized forms of dispersed system dosage forms is the microfluidizer. This device uses a high-pressure positive-displacement pump operating at a pressure of 500-20,000 psig, which accelerates the process flow to up to 500 m/min through the interaction chamber. The interaction chamber consists of small channels known as microchannels. The microchannel diameters can be as narrow as 50 urn and cause the flow of product to occur as very thin sheets. The configuration of these microchannels within the interaction chamber resembles Y-shaped flow streams in which the process stream divides into these microchannels, creating two separate microstreams. The sum of cross-sectional areas of these two microstreams is less than the cross-sectional area of the pipe before division to two separate streams. This nar-rowing of the flow pass creates an (axisymmetric) elongational flow to generate high Fig. 36 Emulsiflex-C5, a high-pressure homogenizer. (From Ref. 36.)
DOI link for Ultrasonic homogenizing systems are able to produce particle-size and droplet-size distributions that approach those of piston homogenizers with a lower power re-quirement. In order to work, they must be fed a well-blended premix or a metered feed of the liquid components. The vibrating element is an extra maintenance item, espe-cially in heavy or abrasive service. Overall, they offer an attractive option when fixed-gap rotor/stator devices do not produce the required size distributions. 5. Homogenizer/Extruder Another high-pressure homogenizer/extruder with an adjustable valve having produc-tion capacities from 8 mL/hr to 12,000 LL/hr is available. A positive displacement pump produces pressures up to 30,000 psig. The manufacturer claims that no O-ring is used in the product pass and pump seal, and this homogenizer/extruder was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for pharmaceutical use [36]. At this writing, in-formation concerning the internal structure is not available. The apparatus is capable of producing fine emulsions and liposomal dispersions. Figure 36 shows a laboratory unit. 6. Microfluidizer Technologies A more recent invention to find wide use in specialized forms of dispersed system dosage forms is the microfluidizer. This device uses a high-pressure positive-displacement pump operating at a pressure of 500-20,000 psig, which accelerates the process flow to up to 500 m/min through the interaction chamber. The interaction chamber consists of small channels known as microchannels. The microchannel diameters can be as narrow as 50 urn and cause the flow of product to occur as very thin sheets. The configuration of these microchannels within the interaction chamber resembles Y-shaped flow streams in which the process stream divides into these microchannels, creating two separate microstreams. The sum of cross-sectional areas of these two microstreams is less than the cross-sectional area of the pipe before division to two separate streams. This nar-rowing of the flow pass creates an (axisymmetric) elongational flow to generate high Fig. 36 Emulsiflex-C5, a high-pressure homogenizer. (From Ref. 36.)
Ultrasonic homogenizing systems are able to produce particle-size and droplet-size distributions that approach those of piston homogenizers with a lower power re-quirement. In order to work, they must be fed a well-blended premix or a metered feed of the liquid components. The vibrating element is an extra maintenance item, espe-cially in heavy or abrasive service. Overall, they offer an attractive option when fixed-gap rotor/stator devices do not produce the required size distributions. 5. Homogenizer/Extruder Another high-pressure homogenizer/extruder with an adjustable valve having produc-tion capacities from 8 mL/hr to 12,000 LL/hr is available. A positive displacement pump produces pressures up to 30,000 psig. The manufacturer claims that no O-ring is used in the product pass and pump seal, and this homogenizer/extruder was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for pharmaceutical use [36]. At this writing, in-formation concerning the internal structure is not available. The apparatus is capable of producing fine emulsions and liposomal dispersions. Figure 36 shows a laboratory unit. 6. Microfluidizer Technologies A more recent invention to find wide use in specialized forms of dispersed system dosage forms is the microfluidizer. This device uses a high-pressure positive-displacement pump operating at a pressure of 500-20,000 psig, which accelerates the process flow to up to 500 m/min through the interaction chamber. The interaction chamber consists of small channels known as microchannels. The microchannel diameters can be as narrow as 50 urn and cause the flow of product to occur as very thin sheets. The configuration of these microchannels within the interaction chamber resembles Y-shaped flow streams in which the process stream divides into these microchannels, creating two separate microstreams. The sum of cross-sectional areas of these two microstreams is less than the cross-sectional area of the pipe before division to two separate streams. This nar-rowing of the flow pass creates an (axisymmetric) elongational flow to generate high Fig. 36 Emulsiflex-C5, a high-pressure homogenizer. (From Ref. 36.)
ABSTRACT
The microfluidizer technologies have been used either continuously or with recycling, as is shown in Fig. 38. There are no moving or required adjustment parts in microfluidizer technology, and the configuration of interaction chamber is the same for both laboratory and scale-up equipment.
