ABSTRACT
Hygienic processes must be developed to allow both repeated and repeatable
cleaning procedures. These cleaning procedures must be performed in a manner
that assures the removal of materials that could adversely impact the process or in
some manner contribute to contamination of the products manufactured. While
some alternatives, such as disposable materials for containers and transfer hoses,
etc., may offer flexibility and elimination of the need for cleaning, both before and
after processing, there is little question that these approaches cannot address many
process operations. These would include thermal transfer, handling and storage of
large fluid volumes, and sensor applications.
