ABSTRACT
Contents 4.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................74 4.2 History of CAD from Drawings to Building Information Modeling
and the Role of Semantics ..........................................................................76 4.3 Overview of Data Standards and Specifications Utilized within the
AEC/FM Domain ......................................................................................78 4.3.1 Early Standards and Specifications Targeting Geometry and
Topology Information/Data Only ..................................................79 4.3.1.1 Drawing eXchange Format (DXF) ...................................79 4.3.1.2 Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) ...............88 4.3.1.3 STandard for the Exchange of Product model data
(STEP) ..............................................................................88 4.3.2 Product Model Exchange Standards and Specifications/Aspect
Models ............................................................................................89 4.3.2.1 CIMsteel Integration Standards (CIS/2) .......................... 90 4.3.2.2 Green Building Extensible Markup Language (gbXML) .......91 4.3.2.3 Building and Construction Extensible Markup
Language (bcXML) ..........................................................91
