Achieving Higher Case Detection and Cure Rates: National Programs and Beyond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Knut Lo¨nnroth, Mukund Uplekar, Salah Ottmani, and Le´opold Blanc

doi:10.3109/9781420090239-11

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Achieving Higher Case Detection and Cure Rates: National Programs and Beyond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Knut Lo¨nnroth, Mukund Uplekar, Salah Ottmani, and Le´opold Blanc

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ABSTRACT

I. Introduction Early and effective diagnosis and treatment at low cost are essential for the well-being of individuals with active tuberculosis (TB). Unfortunately, this is not guaranteed for all people with TB today. Poor access to quality services, diagnostic delays, complex and expensive care-seeking paths, and inappropriate treatments, produce poor health outcomes and adverse social and ﬁnancial consequences for TB patients, as well as for their families and for the wider community (1-4).