ABSTRACT
The.plastic.deformation.of.metals. and.alloys.occurs.by. the.elementary.processes. of.nucleation,.movement,. interaction,.and.annihilation.of.crystal. lattice. imperfections.(vacancies,.dislocations,.grains,.and.twin.boundaries)..The.dislocations.start. moving.when.the.applied.stress.exceeds.the.yield.strength.of.the.metal..Dislocations. of.opposite.sign.may.annihilate.upon.meeting,.whereas.the.rest.of.the.dislocations. interact.and.combine.into.dislocation complexes or tangles..The.increasing.number. of.moving.and.interacting.dislocations.results.in.barely.movable.complexes,.which. form.a.dislocation substructure.
