ABSTRACT

I. Introduction .................................................................................................. 194 II. Calcium ......................................................................................................... 194

A. General Properties ................................................................................ 194 B. Metabolic Functions ............................................................................. 194 C. Body Reserves ...................................................................................... 195 D. Metabolism (Absorption and Excretion) ............................................... 195 E. Dietary and Supplemental Sources ....................................................... 196 F. Status Assessment ................................................................................. 197 G. Toxicity ................................................................................................. 197 H. Interactions with Other Nutrients and Drugs ....................................... 198

I. Effects of Deficiency or Excess on Physical Performance ........................... 198 J. Dietary Recommendations ................................................................... 199 K. Future Research Needs ......................................................................... 199 L. Summary ..............................................................................................200