ABSTRACT
Plant phenols embrace a wide range of secondary metabolites that are synthesized from carbohydrates via the shikimate pathway. This is the biosynthetic route to the aromatic amino acids and is restricted to microorganisms and plants. Thus, phenolic compounds are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom, being found in all fruits and vegetables. The compounds are present in all parts of the
19.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 477 19.2 Physicochemical Properties of Phenols, Phenolic Acids, and Tannins .............................. 479
19.2.1 Phenols and Phenolic Acids .................................................................................. 479 19.2.2 Tannins ..................................................................................................................480
