ABSTRACT
In behavioral sciences in general, and in education and psychology in particular, the use of measurement procedures or tests and assessments is ubiquitous. Measurement instruments are used for all kinds of assessments. The main types of psychological and educational tests are intelligence tests, aptitude tests, achievement tests, personality tests, interest inventories, behavioral procedures, and neuropsychological tests. The use of such tests is not restricted to psychology and education but stretches over other disciplines of the behavioral sciences, and even beyond (e.g., in the field of psychiatry). Using tests involves some kind of measurement procedure and, in addition, statistical theories for characterizing the results of the measurement procedures-that is, for modeling test scores.
