ABSTRACT
Effective antiretroviral therapy has improved survival after detection of HIV
infection from 4 to 24 years (1). It is anticipated that HIV infection will
increasingly coexist with conditions associated with aging. Several metabolic
and endocrine disorders that are closely associated with aging are also asso-
ciated with HIV infection, and there is a potential for adverse synergy between
aging and metabolic diseases. To further complicate matters, several anti-
retroviral medications may also perturb metabolism, so the potential inter-
actions between aging, HIV infection, and its treatment are producing a
complex and rapidly evolving clinical knowledge base. Increasingly, HIV care
providers will need to diagnose and treat endocrine and metabolic diseases of
aging, including loss of peripheral subcutaneous fat and increases in axial fat,
type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance, hypogonadism, hypo-
thyroidism, osteoporosis, and osteonecrosis.
