ABSTRACT
Hydrogen cyanide is used as a fumigant and in chemical synthesis. Acrylonitrile is used in the production of synthetic rubber. Cyanamide is used as a fertilizer and as a source of hydrogen cyanide. Cyanide first causes a marked increase in respiration by affecting chemoreceptors in the carotid body and respiratory center and then paralyzes all cells. Hydrogen sulfide is released spontaneously by the decomposition of sulfur compounds and is found in petroleum refineries, tanneries, mines, and rayon factories. Hydrogen sulfide causes both anoxic effects and damage to the cells of the central nervous system by direct action. Carbon disulfide damages chiefly the central nervous system, the peripheral nerves, and the hemopoietic system. Carbon monoxide is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon or carbonaceous materials. All flame or combustion devices, including catalytic radiant heaters, are likely to emit carbon monoxide. Chronic poisoning in the sense of accumulation of carbon monoxide in the body does not occur.
