ABSTRACT
A. Sphenopalatine and Vidian Foramen and Pterygomaxillary Fossa (Figures 37-41) Identification of the sphenopalatine foramen and pterygomaxillary fossa may be indicated in cases when posterior epistaxis requires endoscopic cauterization or ligation of the sphenopalatine or internal maxillary vessels (51-53). Exposure and control of these vessels may also be necessary during an endoscopic resection of a juvenile angiofibroma or other nasopharyngeal neoplasms (54-57).
