ABSTRACT

Introduction ............................................................................................................264 Pathogen-Derived Resistance and Engineered Resistance to Viruses in Plants ... 265 RNA Silencing and Engineered Resistance to Viruses in Plants ......................265

Safety Issues and Risks ..........................................................................................266 Transencapsidation ............................................................................................266 Recombination .................................................................................................. 267 Gene Flow to Free-Living Relatives .................................................................268 Effects on Nontarget Organisms .......................................................................268 Allergenicity and Human Health Effects ..........................................................269 Durability and Speci‰city of Engineered Resistance to Viruses in Plants ........ 270