ABSTRACT
Abstract ................................................................................................. 380 14.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 380 14.2 Phenomenon of Ceramization .................................................... 381 14.3 Organic Polymer-Based Composites ......................................... 382 14.4 Silicone Rubber-Based Composites ........................................... 385 14.5 Future Directions ....................................................................... 392 Acknowledgements ............................................................................... 392 Keywords .............................................................................................. 393 References ............................................................................................. 393
ABSTRACT
In this chapter, ceramization (ceramification) of polymer composites is presented as a promising method for gaining flame retardancy of the materials. Because of its passive fire protecting character, ceramization effect can be applied in polymer composites, which are dedicated for work in public places like shopping centers, sport halls, galleries and museums, office buildings, theaters or cinemas and public means of transport. In case of fire, ceramizable polymer composites turn into barrier ceramic materials, ensuring integrity of objects like electrical cables, window frames, doors, ceilings, etc., exposed on flames and heat, preventing from collapsing of materials and making electricity working, enabling effective evacuation. Moreover, ceramization process decreases emission of toxic or harmful gaseous products of polymer matrix degradation as well as its smoke intensity. The paper describes mechanisms of ceramization for various polymer composites, especially focusing on silicone rubber-based ones, basic characteristics of the materials and ways of their testing.
