ABSTRACT

The discharge of excessive phosphorus into isolated water bodies will accelerate the eutrophication process. These water bodies such as lakes and dams suffer from severe water quality problems that are closely linked with the excessive phosphorus inputs from various pollution sources. This happens in both developed and developing countries [1], [2]. Thus, the removal measures of phosphorus from these water bodies, especially biological methods based on biofilms, have currently been a subject of great concern [3].