ABSTRACT
Grading affects three critical aspects of fire operation activities. The first aspect to consider is pooling of water as it relates to discharge locations at fire hydrants, pump test header locations, or test and drain locations. Inadequate grading at these locations allows water to collect and creates a hazard where emergency personnel may be working. Therefore, a minimum grade should be established to allow water to run off from the appropriate location, and also not to allow the water to freeze (in localities subjected to frost).
