ABSTRACT
The increasing importance of healthy lifestyles in the industrialized world has resulted in increased longevity and a concomitant burgeoning growth of antiaging and personal care products across all age groups. Two pharmaceutical action-derived blended terms combine to claim benet for health and potential medical benet: cosmeceutical and nutraceutical. Cosmeceuticals (lotions, creams, etc.), a term attributed to Albert Kligman in 1984 (Kligman, 2005), includes the topical application of biologically active components such as antioxidants, enzymes, proteins, and botanicals, while the term “nutraceuticals” includes the oral ingestion of similarly acting functional foods, supplements, oils, beverages, and botanicals, also for potential health benet. These terms have been further specialized to include cosmeceuticals as topical products, while nutricosmetics are those ingested internally for improved appearance. Recent global markets forecast that the U.S. $35 billion cosmeceutical industry, the fastest-growing segment in the cosmetics and personal care industry, is expected to grow over 7% during 2013-2018*, while the global nutraceuticals market will reach an estimated U.S. $207 billion by 2016, and the clinical nutrition market is set to reach U.S. $10.7 billion. Even as the United States, the European Union, and Japan are the prominent current markets, the rise of the middle class; the increased disposable income in emerging countries like China, India, Brazil, and Russia; and the desire for natural solutions all will fuel even greater growth and the need for culturally diverse products. Similarly, as functional food and cosmetic use
32.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 593 32.2 Regulatory Agencies Governing Food Safety and Cosmetics .............................................. 594
32.2.1 International .............................................................................................................. 594 32.2.2 United States ............................................................................................................. 594
32.3 Classication of Cosmeceuticals and Nutricosmetics .......................................................... 595 32.4 Nutritional, Efcacy, and Quality ......................................................................................... 596
32.4.1 Sensory Properties .................................................................................................... 596 32.4.1.1 Physical and Chemical Characteristics ...................................................... 596 32.4.1.2 Processing, Preservation, and Packaging of Functional Foods and
Cosmeceuticals .......................................................................................... 598 32.4.2 Functional Responses, Safety, and Efcacy of Nutritional Cosmeceuticals ............ 598
32.4.2.1 Cosmeceutical Classications .................................................................... 599 32.4.2.2 Nutricosmetics ........................................................................................... 601
32.5 Targeted Populations ............................................................................................................ 601 32.6 Future Considerations ...........................................................................................................602 References ......................................................................................................................................602
