ABSTRACT
Lung transplantation involves multiple complex steps from procurement to implantation, each of which can potentially result in a complication. Such complications may develop at any time from the intraoperative phase to weeks or months after transplantation (Table 27.1). Surgical complications after lung transplantation
Vascular complications
Anastomotic bleeding
Anastomotic stenosis
Nonanastomotic obstruction
Kinking
Thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
Extraluminal compression
Airway complications
Dehiscence
Stenosis
Fistula
Endobronchial granuloma
Bronchial infection
Bronchomalacia
Air leaks
Phrenic nerve injury and diaphragm paralysis
Postoperative hemorrhage
Hemothorax
Hemomediastinum, including hemopericardium
Chest wall hematoma
Pleural space complications
Pneumothorax
Pleural effusion
Empyema
Chylothorax
Donor-recipient lung size mismatch
Complications occurring in the nontransplanted lung
Others
Primary graft dysfunction
Lung hernia
Surgical site infection
Wound dehiscence
Complications related to cardiopulmonary bypass
