ABSTRACT

Concrete products are concrete construction units or modules that are built into structures after they have fully hardened. They cover a wide range of products that are often ‘precast’ in that they are cast in moulds, usually in a factory, providing economies of scale and improved quality control. Concrete products form a significant portion of the construction materials industry and may be divided into the following groups: • Architectural cast stone and other types of

ornamental concrete. • Load-bearing structural units such as piles, lintels,

beams, railway sleepers, pipes, and water tanks. • Concrete steps, paving flags, block pavers, and kerbs. • Concrete blocks and slabs. • Roofing tiles.