ABSTRACT

Definition Consciousness is a state in which a person is awake, alert, and aware of his/her surroundings.

Classification Consciousness exists on a continuum ranging from an alert cognitively intact state, to one in which there is complete unresponsiveness to any environmental stimuli (i.e. coma). Many terms have been used to describe impaired consciousness which may lead to confusion when applied inconsistently between observers. A detailed description of the patient’s clinical state including motor postures and responses to various applied stimuli (e.g. verbal, tactile, noxious, etc.) is preferred. Detailed descriptions may not only prevent misinterpretation errors but may also have localizing value.