ABSTRACT
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is dened as excess accumulation of liver fat (hepatosteatosis), mainly as neutral lipids consisting of triacylglycerol (TAG), cholesterol ester (CE), and diacylglycerol (DAG). NAFLD ranges from benign
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 247 The “Three-Hit” Hypothesis for the Development of NASH ...........................248 Environmental and Genetic Factors Contributing to NAFLD and NASH ........250 Current Treatment Options for NAFLD and NASH Patients ............................ 252 Animal Models for NAFLD and NASH ........................................................... 253
Genetic Models of NAFLD and NASH ....................................................... 253 Nutritional Models of NAFLD and NASH .................................................. 253
Rationale for the Use of ω-3 Fatty Acids in NASH Therapy .................................254 PUFA Metabolism ............................................................................................. 257 ω-3 PUFA are Pleiotropic Regulators of Cell Function .................................... 257
Membrane Effects of ω-3 PUFA .................................................................. 258 Oxidation of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFA .................................................................. 259 Nuclear Effects of ω-3 PUFA .......................................................................260
