ABSTRACT
Radiologic imaging is an important tool for evaluating neurogenic bladder patients. Techniques such as ultrasound and fluoroscopy have been used for decades to assess bladder and renal anatomy. Ultrasound images are generated by exposing the ultrasound transducer–embedded crystals to alternating electrical current. Gray-scale ultrasound gives two-dimensional information about renal size, cortical thickness, and collecting system dilation. Ultrasound is a very safe modality because it does not expose the patient or practitioner to ionizing radiation. Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia is more commonly diagnosed during urodynamics through characteristic external sphincter electromyography findings, specifically involuntary sphincter activity during detrusor contractions. Nuclear medicine studies are performed by injecting radiopharmaceutical compounds that will concentrate in targeted tissues or organs.
