ABSTRACT

Trafc and transportation applications are rapidly expanding in scope due to their potential impacts on community and environmental decision making. These applications range from planning and assessment of road infrastructure to evaluation of advanced trafc management and information systems (e.g., dynamic hard-shoulder running) and testing technologies and systems to increase safety, capacity, and environmental efciency of vehicles and roads (e.g., cooperative systems and intelligent speed adaptation). The complexity and scale of these problems dictate that accurate and dynamic trafc simulation models rather than analytical methods are used increasingly for these purposes.