ABSTRACT
The inhabitants of cities and large towns are largely unaware of the constant battle that rural communities have to wage against flies. In rural areas, on the other hand, inhabitants do not always appreciate the crucial role that dung beetles play in controlling dung-breeding fly populations. Not only do dung beetles play an important
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 57 3.2 Chemical Ecology of the Genus Kheper ........................................................ 59 3.3 Collection of the Abdominal Secretion .......................................................... 62 3.4 Sample Preparation and Analysis ...................................................................65 3.5 Optimization of GC-FID/EAD Instrumentation ............................................68 3.6 Chemical Characterization of Abdominal Secretions of the Male
Kheper Species ............................................................................................... 72 3.6.1 K. lamarcki ......................................................................................... 72 3.6.2 K. nigroaeneus .................................................................................... 73 3.6.3 K. subaeneus ....................................................................................... 75 3.6.4 K. bonellii ........................................................................................... 78
3.7 Long-Chain Constituents of the Abdominal Secretions ................................. 82 3.8 Composition of the Pheromone-Disseminating Carrier Material .................. 83 3.9 Intergeneric and Interspecific Chemical Signaling in Dung Beetles .............86
