ABSTRACT
Membrane separation processes have attracted much attention because of their potential in replacing conventional energy-intensive separation technologies such as distillation and evaporation. Membrane separation offers advantages such as high stability and ef ciency, low operating and capital cost, low energy requirement, and ease of operation (Mulder, 1991; Ho and Sirkar, 1992; Baker, 2004). As such, it is a promising candidate in separation processes. Currently, membranebased separation has been extensively applied in industries for liquid and gas separation.
