ABSTRACT

Porous Carbons ................................................................................ 9 1.6 Carbon Nanotube (CNT) ................................................................11 1.7 Cnt-Composites Based Adsorbents ................................................ 26 1.8 Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) ............................................................... 55 1.9 Activated Carbon Nanofibers (ACNF): Properties and

Application ..................................................................................... 58 1.10 Poreformation in Carbon Materials ............................................... 62 1.11 Novelmethodes for Controlling of Pore Structure in

Carbon Materials ............................................................................ 66 1.12 Importance and Necessity of Controlling of Pore Structure in

Carbon Materials ............................................................................ 77 1.13 Recently Study Works about Controlling of Pore Size ................ 83 Keywords ................................................................................................ 87

1.1 INTRODUCTION

In this section, we focus on the pore size controlling in carbon based nano adsorbent to apply simulation and modeling methods and describe the recent activities about it. Significant progress has been made in this process throughout the recent years essential emphasis is put on the controlling and applications of both micro and mesoporosity carbons. Many novel methods are proposed such as catalytic activation, polymer blend, organic gel and template carbonization for the control of mesopore, and analyzing micro pore distribution in activated carbons assuming an array of semi-infinite, rigid slits of distributed width whose walls are modeled as energetically uniform graphite. Various kinds of pores in solid materials are classified according to the origin of the pores and the structural factors of the pores are discussed as well as the methods for evaluation of the pore size distribution with molecular adsorption (molecular resolution porosimetry), small angle X-ray scattering, mercury porosimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermo porosimetry. The main aim in the controlling of micro pores is to produce molecular sieving carbon (MSC), which applied in special membranes or produce some carbon composites which remove special contaminate from aqueous environments as adsorbent or EDLCs in electrochemical application or aero gel carbon structures. Despite difference in particle size, the adsorption properties of activated carbon and carbon based nano adsorbents (ACF-ACNF-CNF-CNT and CNT-Composites) are basically the same because the characteristics of activated carbon (pore size distribution, internal surface area and surface chemistry) controlling the equilibrium aspects of adsorption are independent of particle. The excellently regular structures of CNTs and its composites facilitate accurate simulation of CNT behavior by applying a variety of mathematical and numerical methods. The most important of this models include: Algorithms and simulation, such as Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD), molecular dynamics simulation (MDS), LJ potential, DFT, HK, IHK, BJH, DA, DRS and BET Methods, ASA, Verlet and SHN algorithm and etc. Briefly, (in authors Ph.D. case study) this following research work includes:

• Preparing web of CNT-Textile composite (carbon section in an appropriate furnace and other section by electro spinning along CNT added in spinning drop).